Internal-combustion engine.



L. ILLMER, JR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OGT.1, 1907.

a sanmswmm 1 mylvrom 12/ ATTORNEY Patented Dec, 31, 1912.

w/r/v ssas L. ILZMER, JR.

INTERNAL COMBUSTIO T ENGINE. APPLICATION E'ILED 001" 1 1907.

Patenwd Dec. 31, 1912 .SHEETS *SHIIET 2.

ATTUHNEY WFNESSE L; ILLMBR, JR. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIGATIOH FILED OCT, 1 1907 3 SBEETS SHBET 3.

Patented Dec. 31, 1912.

cates by-pass grooves in the inner walls of the cylinders 24 adjacent to the walls an! outlet ends of the cylinders.

the grooves 24? and then the gas ahead of the pistons by-p'asses through the grooves to the suction sides of the pistons and ceases to press against the valves 30. The pistons 31 of the gas pumps are joined to each other by a rod 34 and each piston has an enlarged tail rod 35 Working snugly in tubular guides 36 within the extensions 23 of the pump cylinders. The pistons are driven through one of the tail rods in unison with the operation of the engine as will be hereinafter de scribed. The driving motion may be communicated from any source but preferably from an eccentric on the crank shaft (not shown) to which eccentric a rod 37 is joined.

A jacket surrounding each pump cylinder 24 forms two chambers 38 and 39 of which the chambers 38 communicate with the main chambers of the pump cylinders by ports 40 and the chambers 39 communicate with the chambers 27. To each of the chambers 38 gas supply ducts 41 lead from a main 4'? or other source; and to each of the chambers 39 compressed air ducts 43 and auxiliary air ducts 44 lead. The compressed air ducts 43 are supplied through connections 45 from a source which may be and preferably is entirely independent of the engine as will presently fully appear, while the auxiliary air ducts 44 communicate with each other by a cross connection 46 and are supplied from the ducts 43 through ports 47. The air ducts 44 and their connection 46 form a reservoir for a portion of the air introduced from the ducts 43, as will presently appear.

In each of the gas ducts 41 is arranged a damper valve 48. Similar valves 49 are arranged in the-auxiliary air ducts 44. Above the valves 49 the auxiliary air ducts 44 are commanded by check valves 00 which open into the chambers 39 but close to prevent pressure from such chambers entering by way of the ends of the ducts 44. hi the compressed air ducts 43 rotary cylinder valves 51 operate. These valves are ported as shown so that when in the adjustment shown at the right hand end of Fig. 2, the duct 43 will be open to the chamber 39 and the port 47 will be closed,'and when in the adjustment shown at the left hand end of Fig. 2, the duct 43 will be cut off from the chamber 39 and the port 4? opened to said chamber. equalizing the pressure in the ducts 44 with that in the said chamber. The valves 51 are operated in unison with the engine by any desired meaus--preferablyby a rocker arm 52 joined to the rod 34 and connected by a reach rod 53 and arms 54 with the stems of the valves. The valves 48 and 49 at each end of the engine are crosslinkcd to each other as at and both The pistons 31 E compress the gas until the pistons overrun 1 pairs of valves are joined by a rea h rod Till land arm: 57 and Of these ms. the arm DH is joined by a linkage 59 to ovtr nor (ll) whereby the valvw lo and 49 a e controlled. The valves Til, lheri'rfore. have a regular rocking m lion win-responding to the reriprm'alitn of the engine while the nlv l8 and l!) are normally open and are partly or wholly chard by the governor in turn responding to the load on the engine.

Surh being the construction and arrangen'ienti of the type of engine illmtrated, I shall now set forth its operation and the impovtant funrtion of, my invention.

In the operation of the engine, gas is supplied to the illtl -11. prefi-rahlv' under low lfl'tFSlll't sin-h for example as that dually incident to bla t 'l urnareor pressuregas pro durer gas. and air i -upplird t the ducts 43 from the connections 13 at a. rompar ativel v high pl't'rdlli't sin-l1 or example as 15 pounds gage to the vupiare int-h. l l'lHH the ducts 41 the gas pass into and p r vades the chambers its and the i-ylin-lrv H on the suction sides of the pist n ll am: from the du ts 43 the rompros rl .u. llilc"".t-l subject to the valvw 31, into llu' rhambt-rs 27 and their connections. and from these chambers and their ronneriions ome of the air therein pas -t also ubject to the valves 51, into the auxiliary ducts ll charging the same with air at a low 'n'essure such for example as 3 to 3 ounds gage to the square inch. Assuming that a working charge has been duly entered and compressed in the left hand end of the engine and such charge ignited and exploded in the usual manner, the piston 21 will move rightward on its working stroke until the exhau t ports ll are uncovered and the ro:-idual pressure in the left hand end of the ryliudr-r will thereupon fall to ..-|n splu-rr. .\t this time the left hand durt 2:! and cylinder head l2 will be full of pure air from the left hand duct 44 at low pressure, and the instant the exhaust ports are unroverwl the left hand inlet valve 15 will be 'll)(l]('tl and such air will flow into and through the working cylinder scavenging it of the re idual products of. c mibustion. During the above described operating stroke of the piston 21, the left hand pump piston ill will be moving leftward slightly compressing the gas ahead of it and this gas will after the inlet valve is opened as described. llow into and from the left hand chamber .37 'and mixing with the air flowing from the duct 44 will form a. stratum of explosive mixture which follows up th a fort-said stratum of scavenging air and passing the inlet valve enters the cyl inder. The action of the parts is so timed that as the advancing face of the incoming mixing char e approaches the exhaust ports, the piston. beginning its compression stroke,

will cover the exhaust ports and at this time Whmi llw t-nmlitimis (lsciilml above obtain the alve 51, which fit? previously clos itlt i; o mio l to admit the high prmsim'e :zii" limi the left haunt rlur-t 43 into the whmnhm :37, and it? (:nnwt ions. Thtruupon (in it it lminl vhevl; valve is lfiSQfl to prevm t' the )ltSQllt't mm pa into the duct i l flill 1miiltnnmi y the pump piston 31 iii: iitmr; the gji'um'i anti the IPllifiin- :ihvml m the pistwn is li-y-"qmsseil to the .Slh'timi side. with the iemilt that. tho pressure tvntlin j tn opvn thv valves ill"? is relieved hi'itl 2h his-Th plc 1Y0 Zill' now in the chain hm "1T quivlily ulnsvs thew valves 80 in atnaitly putting all tli? gas supply. This: high pits me ill! nmv passing on ibei t l t 1 2i i1. :ml at it the miXttllP thing: hill; it will he Wmvmlwimi was but partly tlittii'ti imn illi vyiiinlur, V prvmit'i-v'uir is ilw mtiug HfMlIJHi the me him; of the iilm i pfitou tilltl the w der iii(:11flitii]it\)i i5 mtinmi that :1. tho pres- Sltl't (rental my the ustwn i'Q about to h ihmOQ tin-it of the high prv ewire air from tlitililti'. t? thQ i'nixtnrv vlisng e will he mmphtely pressed into tlii" t'ylilli'iti'l and tl'icreupon the iiilvt \"tli fi i clmwli These ope Minn; take place hvl'm-c tht pistnn ha niatvrinllv mluim' remit is that tilt t'iullflt pry-smut into the and in this n'mimm the mean mi'w'tiuworking u'ossmc tullowing thv ex plum 1H int'rmiimi without imivnev in tlw initial explosion pressure, all ut which is. fully wt forth in my copending n aplimtinn nhm'c IQfillthi to. At the time that high prvsmi'c Hi1 from the duct iliilt tllK'tF the charge into the Working Viintluiand the inlvt VfllVG (10.50% this air will lie lmt'lr of the, iiilut valve and in the ihirt '22 and ('llitll1il("t$ Q3 '27 and 39. At this time the left hand valve 5] reverses its position cutting otf ih e air from the duct 43 and oponiiig the left hznul durt 44 to the rfhmniwr 39 thmugh the port: 47 with the result that the high pressurfi in the uhumhcr 3t) and its connections eqnzilizus with that in the duct 44 replenishing! the; prow u'tg supply therein prvpzimtoi' v to a tnpttitimi of the above described operation.

Regulation of the engine i5 uli'wtml lw -lmvr in mi Mimi stroke of I pontlmg rmiwtmn W th the tillt'l ll: :iml the law! sure (imp um: i ati m title to the return of pressm'e :iir Suppl): (hi0 to partial timing of a wirespmitling I su mly the niixtim: air.

\ i erection (if a iiiiniht-r (If unit :iiul niwliinu'ily the nvtmn of the governor on the mlws l8 an1l eoneentrate the air p1nnp into a single 1 unit, :1111l it ix to n1-h an arrangenn' nt that, my pre e11t invention has Hlittflltl re't'erenee. 1-\(:ror1l1n1 to tll'lS. vvhere a ntnnher of en- -l2l thereof are ronntetetl to :1 Fitlfjlt, pump or other source of 1111- preef-inre, 111111 \vhere hut one engine ia 1*111plo1r1l, the air pump l may he 1:11t|p' 1-1l thereto for example, the tail r tl ot' the engine.

Following thi n1 v invention l1a operial tlllil periliar :utvantagw \vhen 1*omhinr1i \vith hl n'ing engines 11ppl1ing hlnst flit" naeea antl hen so 11'1111Hi711l 111111 1 ppliwl Willi the! from the exhatht gases 11ft :e tur- 11111 1 it reprewnh 11111- ot' the most ee n lni 'ztl known 1 1 111 ot prinie movers. Fig. 1 rep resent n1) 1111111111 1 of etleetin; the organime tion ret'erretl to, in \vhirh the tail rod 111' the engine is 1lirr -t 1onple1l to the piston r111l ("1t ot' a l1lt1\\'il1Q engine pixton ('12. The 1' vlin- 1ler (1:3 ot' the l1l1:\vingen; i11e i1- titled with the. ttnttal Ftlttlt it valver (151 a111l tlis itttltie valves (14, the 1111'ti1'111 an1l 1lii rharge si1le heine joined l1 v a ronneetion (13 in \vhi1-h is 11 1111'i11f3j t'ate1i l1 paw valve tit (ltrigflit'tl to l1 \']1;1:-:-1'X t* i\1- p11 11-11 to the anetion aitlt ot' the engine. (37 intliratesr the pipe line to the t'nrnare. llhwt lttrnare l1l 1\vi11; engines are nenallv operated at ahonttJ lhr. pres- Stll't to the (*ttltfltt} in1'h an1l :1 lierei11h1 tore stated this i the p11, ;11r1-11t \vhi1'h it is prt t'erre l to work the air in he (ltlt'ti ll antl foll wing this I tahe :1 l1ran1-h pipe 38 front the blowing engine niain antl leatl same to the 1'-onne1"tions 4 1. it a 1111111l11 r of gas e11 gines are working a (,t)l']t\1)t1t1 lll1; f nntnher of llowing enginen a single ronnertion '18 from any point in the air main tvill serve all of the gas engines thns elearly etleeting' an important eaving in the air ptnnps work of the gas engines. Fig. 3 al o 1l10WS one of the t'nrnaeea T9 and a connection 80 to eonduet the exhaust ga es to the, engines by which gases the engines are operated.

The air hlast supply to the furnare in prartiee varies greatly an1l to aeelnnn'imlate the organism to this condition. I govern the engine tinrler the rontrol of the blast. pressure, no that upon the aeennntlation of excessive pressure the engine SltfiVOtl down and speetietl up as the pressure tlrops. For tlthl purpose, a pipe 69 is taken off at any eonvenient point in the blowing; engine line antl led to a oylintler 70 forming a part of the governor (30. In this cylinder a piston 71 operates hack of which i: a spring 72 resist ing the air pressure from the pipe 69. The

i aeeonling to The oer-11nd :11'111 111' the lever it 18 oined to rtnwl are operatne t gether the air thtrta l 1 l l l l i i 1 l l l l l l l i i 1 1 l l i l i l l l ro l of this piston 71 is articulated to-one 1 1111 1 of a lever i t'nlertttnetl on the station- 11- ar v 1'ol111111 T1 111 it: governor. While the other arm of the lever T 3 i artirnlatetl to a lllllt 751', extending npt 1111 ut'titttlttt'ti't'i to an arm of a e1ron1l lever I. 1 1111 lever T6 is tnlernnnal on the hnh T7 of the governor \vhieh h11h,it will he t1n1lerst1'1o1l, moves haelt :1111l forth on the vertieal governor-511itulle the action of the governor.

a link is whirh extends tlowntvartl 11ml 1% articulated to the elhow lever Tit) of the air an1l 111i; throttle valves it: ain't it). Nor- 111111 1111 1 valves antl t9 are Stl to allow 11 l'ttll l atl 1*:11'1l (ae or instanee the approvitnate 1111'1l in Fig. ll with the lever 711 511i)- tantiallv l1orizontal.l1t1t h1111l1l the pressure in the pinning engine niains heroine 1X1't.'-f- -ive. thtpiflon it tvill he tltlll't' ttl and the vertiral 111 111 oi the elhotv lever rocked lett- \v;1r1l therehy whining or partl 1-lo: i1'1g the 11iran1l 1511s \11l\e :11111l slowing tltflill the en grine. llhi o eration it will be perceived time: not atl'ert an1l is not at first 11tleete1l hv the govern r. Where hovvever the engine, teeh the ttlta't ot' the throttling action the governor huh \vill tlrop tending to restore the lever T13 to its hori'lzontal position anti tending to return the valve 1S an1ll9tof11ll open position. lhe\e opptwing tort-es, theret'ore. are aetin; at. intervals as stated antl hetween tllt'tlt the speetl of the engine or engines i kept in unison with the re1111ire inents in the hloving engine 11mins.

llnvingthtts1les1'1'il1e1l my invention, what I claim 11 new anti tlesire to 50011115 by Lett rs latent ot' the l nitetl States. is:

l. 'lhe "onihination with a plurality of hloxving enginw, ot engines tor tlrivii'ig the 5111111 111111115 awoeiatetl with each of the ea engines for diverting a portion of the air it'roni the l)l()\\lll engines to the eylintiers of the gas engines for protlneing antl injertine the explosive charges thereto, connettions hetn'een the blowing engines and saitl means for conveying the air to the latter, a governor device associated with each gas engine, and eonneetions separate from the firsttnentioned connections between said governor devices and the blowing engines for causing the governors to respond t1- the variations in the Mowingengine pressure.

52. The romhination with a blowing engine. of a :21; engine t'or driving the same, means tWiOCitttNi with tl 531151 engine for diverting a portion of the air from the blowing engine to the eylintler 0f the engine for protlnt-ine and injecting the explosive charges thereto, eonneetions between the, blowing engine and said means, for ronvey- 1 ing the air to the latter, a governor device asoeiated with said gas engine, and connertions separate from the firstanentionetl 01' iie iv supply the engine wit} air (2w govi ingie: source, means in the blowthe mnwmeut of the air at such 1 a suppiy means with which the iuw pressure air is combined to form the 76 engine. of a en; lie for (11% in; t. explosive mixture, and a valve for controla govrnur zissbciaied whiz the vnginQ 5mg the flaw or" gas in accordance With the and conneeted to the latter to nornml flow at iOW pressure air. .wmin'iiin the engine in: full SpPQii, 1 ii i 10. A e igine having a gas supply, a {0 j are device i'mmiu g; .a part of the gm- 9 air supply, a reservoir into 75 Mimi and }'!H}')OD v wk 0 (-Xce. bimviu; pressure air stored at r@- lQiHQ pz ssung iviim'i-iw m reduve the spew iuisc to form a law pressure air (2f tin gas main and HEBREW acting in oppofor conireiling the air HUT: in rc i'oru the Pn- EH10? to x'eqi ing-engine pres ura 5?. "Ike combination \whi biiiou to the Hub mw a vi-0b the low PTBSSFHIQ air 1 inc i0 full speed upun rmiuuuon of the ii 7 I is iorni the explosive 80 i'iui i-piessum. mzf'iure aim the big pressure fill" foiiows i Tiw winiibimiimi of": :2 gas engine, t0 pres the sin into the riyiinder it higii 1p (lircfif cmipimi Ii'EOI'LEiO and forn'iin mi! m? 1380) meroof, u wimvina value driven fmm ergine. slippiying i:

d'LSSHIk: air if; gins engine fr'vm a gas supply, a

engine in .ViL iuw pr mm air is .ored at Hi woxkmgz inf-King :12;-

ervoir and the flow of gas to regulate the engine. I

14. A gas engine having a duct leading to the working cylinder, an inlet valve to the cylinder, a compressed air suppl communicating with the duct, a gassupply communicating with the duct, a reservoir communicating with the duct and means controlling the movement of the air and gas, whereby the compressed air flows into the duct to press the charge into the cylinder, the air pressing in the (luctto equaliie with that in the reservoir, the air remaining in the duct flows into the cylinder to scavtinge it and the low pressure air in the reservoir flows with the gas to form the next following working charge.

1 A engine having a duct leading to the working cylinder, an inlet valve to the cylinder, a ,compressed air supply communicating with the duct, :1 gas supply commuii ting with the duct, a reservoir communicating with the duct, means controlling the m ovemcnt of the air and gas, whereby the compressed air flows id duct to press the charge into the cyiinder, the air presslre in the duct equalizes with that in the esei'voir, the air remaining in the duct flows into the cylinder to scavenge it and the low pressure air in the reservoir flows with the gas to form the next following working charge, and means for synchronously throttling the flow of air and gas during the formation of the Working charge.

iii. A gas engine having a duct leading to the working cylinder, an inlet valve to the cylinder, a compressed air supply com munieating with the duct, a'gas pump dis charging into the duct, a reservoir communicating Witlrthe duct and means controlling the movement of the air, whereby the connuressed. air flows into the duct to press the charge into the cylinder, the air pressure in the duct equalizes with that in the reservoir, the air remaining in the duct flows into the cylinder to scavenge it and the low pressure air in the reservoir flows with the gas on the discharge of the pump to form the next tollmving working charge.

17. A gas engine having duct. leading to the wo king cylinder, an inlet valve to the cylinder, a. compressed air supply conimunieating witl tli-z duct, a pump discharging into the duct, a reservoir C()11H1ttill?ll'- ing with the duct, means controiling the movement of the air, whereby the compressed air flows into the duct to press the charge into the cylinder, the air pressure in the duct cqualizes with that in the reservoi'r, the air remaining in the duct fiows into the oviinder to scavenge it and the low pressure air in the reservoir tows with the gas on the discharge of the pump to form the next following working charge, and! means for synchronously throttling the flow of air from the reservoir and the supply out to the pump.

18. A gas engine having a duct leading to the working cylinder, an inlet valve to the cylinder, a compressed air supply communicating with the duct, a gas pump i ing into the duct, a reservoir comma with the duct, means controlling th, movement of the air, whereby thecompressed air flows into the duct to press the charge into the cylinder, the air pressure in the duct equalizes with that in the reservoir, the air remaining in the duct flows into the cylinder to scavenge it and the low pressure air in the reservoir flows with the gas on the discharge of the pump toform the next following working charge, and governor controlled means for synchronously throttling the flow of air from the'reservoir and the supply of gas to the pump.

19. A gas engine having aduct leading to the working cylinder, an inlet valve to the cylinder, a compressed air supply communicating with the duct, a gas supply comnmnicating with the duct, a reservoir communicating with the duct, means controlling the movement of the air and gas, Where by the compressed air flows into the duct to press the charge into the cylinder, the air pressure in the duct equalizes with that in the reservoir, the air remaining in the duct flows into the cylinder to scavenge it and the low pressure air in the reservoir flows with the gas to form the next following working charge, and governor controlled means for synchronously throttling the flow of air and gas during the formation of the working charge.

20. A gas engine having a duct leading to the working cylinder, an inlet valve to the working cylinder, a compressed air supply communicating with. the duct, a reservoir communicating with the duct, a gas supply communicating with the duct, "alves controlling communication between the reservoir and gas supply and the ducts, and means actuated in unison with the engine For controlling the air movement, whereby the compressed air is first admitted to the duct and the pressure in the duct equalized with that in the reservoir.

A gas engine having a duct leading to the working cylinder, an inlet valve to the working cylinder, a compressed air supply coi'nmunicating with the duct, a reservoir communicating with the duct, a gas supply communi ating with the duct, vaives controlling communication between the reservoir and gas supply and the duct. and ieans actuated in unison with the engine tor controlling the air movement, whereby the compressed air first admitted to the duct and prc in the duct equalized with that in the reservoir, such means comprising a (ominunimiion miiwwn iiw w ndy .zmi Irv duvt mu! H11 aurun-H. 2M

3mm: 5 12. A mm (11 mm 11m 1;

min the din- 1; nmm; wins 11*: vngmc filmuih: the air, 110111 the Pump? 1* inw tin firm" and the pl'v m'v m ml 161?) pump and tin fmv: u

u JLH Ming i0 (incl. a reservoir commitrnicalirig with the duel and having :1 port. intn the vomprcsbcd air :mpply, :1 valve mmlrulling cmnmunicatioir lW-hv 11 (h rwvrvwir 1 ml (hurt and a n1uli'i plv valve wrving qu-uwsivvly l pm (Olll' 1 inuniculinn bvivvr n ihu ('uinprc: l air sup- 1 pl 21ml l n duct and the lucl and the rrsl l l l l l I vrvuir. gowrnur umilmllc-(l mums fur synhrmmual v thrntiling the gas supply lolho pump and lh lll 01" air from the reservoir to tho (luci zunl means, lm ilri Hm gas ump in unison with the engine. i152. gun virgin) lmving a (int-l landing in (he mi-king) uvlinilvr. an inlet valve to lluworking vvlimlvr. l pump li,-;rharging inlu llw llnvt. a, r nu rwiwii air supply in llw (luiy. :1 rwmu ir rnmn'luni -nting \viih the eluvl mail lmvi: .5 n purl ini'n llilf winply irunnn mirzuing h tho (inc-l. :1 rear l \mr nuinrtn nilug; \vuh ilu: :li a vnlvrmnlrnllimr mnn unu-aimn between the;

i li p.-

iw was nupnlv (r:

a luci lr-zuling; llll('l mlw in linflfw-Ml air my 1 2r (hi 9 having llHil-L'E'. u

. ll lulll ill!) Hill with the engine.

A gas engine having :1 (incl leading to the working cylinder. an inlet valve to the Working cylinder. a cmnpresscil air supply cmnmunirni'ing! with ilie iluri. a i'usmvnii winmuniraling with lhe (incl. :1 valvu (untrolling L'Ulllllllllll i1ll( ll helwuvn llurewrvui mnl lhn mm. a gas pump disclwrpfing into the llllll. and mm'ms controlling thv movement of the air. vvhvrrlrv the cum prvsswl air llmv lllu thv (llH'l :Hul ilw. pres sun in the (lll l lH equalized Willi flux! in the reservoir. nml luv-am for shull'ing nil the gas pump ili-irlmrgv nun" l-ln uml ul its slrrko.

1 CW. gran nngrinc having :1 gas pump ilis charging: a mu) (ml and an air npply rlmnilwr f-lll'lPillUtlillQ' the pump and lllS-- vhnrging :1 -lllll (-ml into llie {,ftl' lianl urgml l) v llupunzp.

3B. ns ungjinr luiving n gm; pump wifh 11101211? lvi' rwluvingg its mmiprrssiun 119:1! the (ml of slrulas. (hm-21p: in; lhu rlis churgg'v end of ihv pump and inln whivh th+- pump (llSCllill'gPS, a, clwr'l; valve opcning' i'rmn the pump to the clurl nml nwans for admitting cmnprwsed air in said (lllFi. the rompresned air serving to close the check vrxlvrs.

39*. f\.gf-.ihug m0 hrivir :1 pump wish pi -21in fur reducing l cuinprvssinn nmir llw mu'l n! slrulw. z; (lufllt passing the li rlmrur 3ml nf lllC pump and into which ilu pinup lllH'liillQ'llF. a. (xii-r1; "alvu opfining i'ri'un Elm pnn p m llu lu 't .zml nwan. for

LE. A

H the pinup m: lwv ll) pump p ns im -n vlim'wr' i have in thin spevilimlinn in the p11 worm (w .--ZE F .'I'll)ll vvilncs sea LO UIS ILLM l ll'l. n. 

